SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Apache CloudStack</title>

</head>

Apache CloudStack

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">CloudStack</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Cloud.com, <a href="Citrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrix">Citrix</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Apache_Software_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;"><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">4.18.x (LTS)</th><td class="infobox-data">4.18.2.0 / April 25, 2024 (2024-04-25)<a href="#cite_note-cloudstack_releases-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">4.17.x (LTS)</th><td class="infobox-data">4.17.2.0 / December 16, 2022 (2022-12-16)<a href="#cite_note-cloudstack_releases-1">[1]</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf?p%3Dcloudstack.git;">CloudStack Repository</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> (primarily), <a href="Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Java_(software_platform)" title="Java (software platform)">Java</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Apache_License_2.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache License 2.0">Apache License 2.0</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudstack.apache.org/">cloudstack.apache.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

CloudStack is <a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a> <a href="Infrastructure_as_a_service#Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure as a service">Infrastructure-as-a-Service</a> <a href="Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">cloud computing</a> software for creating, managing, and deploying <a href="IaaS" class="mw-redirect" title="IaaS">infrastructure cloud services</a>. It uses existing <a href="Hypervisor" title="Hypervisor">hypervisor</a> platforms for virtualization, such as <a href="Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine" title="Kernel-based Virtual Machine">KVM</a>, <a href="VMware_vSphere" title="VMware vSphere">VMware vSphere</a>, including <a href="VMware_ESXi" title="VMware ESXi">ESXi</a> and <a href="VCenter" title="VCenter">vCenter</a>, <a href="Xen" title="Xen">XenServer/XCP</a> and <a href="XCP-ng" title="XCP-ng">XCP-ng</a>. In addition to its own API, CloudStack also supports the <a href="Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> (AWS) API<a href="#cite_note-cloudstack_software-2">[2]</a> and the <a href="Open_Cloud_Computing_Interface" title="Open Cloud Computing Interface">Open Cloud Computing Interface</a> from the <a href="Open_Grid_Forum" title="Open Grid Forum">Open Grid Forum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cloudstack_occi-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

CloudStack was originally developed by Cloud.com, formerly known as VMOps.<a href="#cite_note-the-channel-4">[4]</a>

VMOps was founded by Sheng Liang, Shannon Williams, Alex Huang, Will Chan, and Chiradeep Vittal in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

The company raised a total of $17.6M in venture funding<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> from <a href="Redpoint_Ventures" title="Redpoint Ventures">Redpoint Ventures</a>, Nexus Ventures and <a href="Index_Ventures" title="Index Ventures">Index Ventures</a> (Redpoint and Nexus led the initial Series A funding round). The company changed its name from VMOps to Cloud.com on May 4, 2010, when it emerged from <a href="Stealth_mode" title="Stealth mode">stealth mode</a> by announcing its product.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-the-channel-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Cloud.com was based in <a href="Cupertino" class="mw-redirect" title="Cupertino">Cupertino</a>, <a href="California" title="California">California</a>.

In May 2010, Cloud.com released most of CloudStack as <a href="Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a> under the <a href="GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a>, version 3 (GPLv3).<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> They kept about 5% proprietary.<a href="#cite_note-cloudstack_process_changes-11">[11]</a> Cloud.com and Citrix both supported <a href="OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a>, another Apache-licensed cloud computing program, at its announcement in July 2010.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>

In October 2010, Cloud.com announced a partnership with <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> to develop the code to provide integration and support of Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V to the OpenStack project.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a>

<a href="Citrix_Systems" title="Citrix Systems">Citrix Systems</a> purchased Cloud.com on July 12, 2011, for approximately $200 million.<a href="#cite_note-bought-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In August 2011, Citrix released the remaining code under the <a href="Apache_Software_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Software License">Apache Software License</a> with further development governed by the <a href="Apache_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Foundation">Apache Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cloudstack_process_changes-11">[11]</a> In February 2012, Citrix released CloudStack 3.0. Among other features, this added support for <a href="OpenStack_Swift" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenStack Swift">Swift</a>, OpenStack's S3-like object storage solution.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a>

In April 2012, Citrix donated CloudStack to the <a href="Apache_Software_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Software Foundation">Apache Software Foundation</a> (ASF), where it was accepted into the Apache Incubator; Citrix changed the license to the <a href="Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache License</a> version 2. As part of this change, Citrix also ceased their involvement in <a href="OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> On November 6, 2012, CloudStack 4.0.0-incubating was announced,<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> the first stable release after joining ASF. On March 20, 2013, CloudStack graduated from Apache Incubator and became a <a href="List_of_Apache_Software_Foundation_projects" title="List of Apache Software Foundation projects">Top-Level Project</a> (TLP) of ASF.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> The first stable (maintenance) release after graduation is CloudStack 4.0.2.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Key_features">Key features</h2></div>

<ul><li>Rich user-interface</li>

<li>noVNC-based VM console</li>

<li>Built-in high-availability for hosts and VMs</li>

<li>Hypervisor-agnostic</li>

<li>Multiple storage options including block and shared storage support</li>

<li>Snapshot management</li>

<li>Usage metering</li>

<li>Network management (VLAN, security groups)</li>

<li>Virtual routers, firewalls, load balancers</li>

<li>Multi-role support</li>

<li>End-to-end encryption including secured console, volume and database encryption</li>

<li>AWS API compatibility</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supported_Hypervisors">Supported Hypervisors</h2></div>

<th>Hypervisor<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>

</th>

<th>Version

</th>

<th>EOL (End Of Life)

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>VMware vSphere

</td>

<td>6.5

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>VMware vSphere

</td>

<td>6.7

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>VMware vSphere

</td>

<td>7.0

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>VMware vSphere

</td>

<td>8.0

</td>

<td>11/10/2029

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Citrix Hypervisor

</td>

<td>7.1

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Citrix Hypervisor

</td>

<td>7.2

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Citrix Hypervisor

</td>

<td>7.4

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Citrix Hypervisor

</td>

<td>7.5

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Citrix Hypervisor

</td>

<td>8.0

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>XCP-ng

</td>

<td>7.4

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>XCP-ng

</td>

<td>7.6

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>XCP-ng

</td>

<td>8.0

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>XCP-ng

</td>

<td>8.1

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>XCP-ng

</td>

<td>8.2

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Centos / Red Hat  KVM

</td>

<td>7

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Centos / Red Hat  KVM

</td>

<td>8

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Rocky/Alma Linux / Red Hat KVM

</td>

<td>9

</td>

<td>31 May 2034

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ubuntu / KVM

</td>

<td>18

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ubuntu / KVM

</td>

<td>20

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ubuntu / KVM

</td>

<td>22

</td>

<td>2027

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Opensuse Leap / KVM

</td>

<td>15

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Suse Linux Enterprise Server

</td>

<td>15

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Rocky Linux

</td>

<td>8

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Red Hat / LXC

</td>

<td>7

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Microsoft Hyper-V

</td>

<td>2012 R2

</td>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="BareMetal_hosts">BareMetal hosts</h2></div>

<ul><li>RHEL or CentOS, v7.x</li>

<li>Ubuntu 16.04</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deployment_architecture">Deployment architecture</h2></div>

The minimum production installation consists of one machine running the CloudStack Management Server and another machine to act as the cloud infrastructure (in this case, a very simple infrastructure consisting of one host running hypervisor software). In its smallest deployment, a single machine can act as both the Management Server and the hypervisor host (using the KVM hypervisor).<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>

Multiple management servers can be configured for redundancy and load balancing, all pointing to a common <a href="MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a> database.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Users">Users</h2></div>

In July 2012 it was reported that <a href="Datapipe" title="Datapipe">Datapipe</a> launched the largest international public cloud to be built on CloudStack, which included 6 data centers in the US, Britain, and Asia.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/releases">"Releases · apache/cloudstack"</a>. github.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20250115012350/https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/releases">Archived</a> from the original on 2025-01-15. Retrieved 2024-09-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-cloudstack_software-2"><a href="#cite_ref-cloudstack_software_2-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130626212551/http://cloudstack.apache.org/docs/en-US/Apache_CloudStack/4.0.2/html/Installation_Guide/aws-ec2-supported-commands.html">"Supported AWS API Calls"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudstack.apache.org/docs/en-US/Apache_CloudStack/4.0.2/html/Installation_Guide/aws-ec2-supported-commands.html">the original</a> on June 26, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-cloudstack_occi-3"><a href="#cite_ref-cloudstack_occi_3-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sebgoa.blogspot.com/2013/11/occi-interface-to-cloudstack.html">"OCCI Interface to CloudStack"</a>. 5 November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140308223504/http://sebgoa.blogspot.com/2013/11/occi-interface-to-cloudstack.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2014. Retrieved Feb 26, 2014.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-the-channel-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-the-channel_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-the-channel_4-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFTimothy_Prickett_Morgan2010" class="citation news cs1">Timothy Prickett Morgan (May 4, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2010/05/04/cloud_com_launch/">"Cloud.com takes on virty infrastructure"</a>. The Channel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160813073209/http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2010/05/04/cloud_com_launch/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJohn_Fontana2009" class="citation news cs1">John Fontana (January 28, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/2530517/data-center/start-up-vmops-aims-to-ease-cloud-deployments.html">"Start-up VMOps aims to ease cloud deployments"</a>. Network World. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171213015235/https://www.computerworld.com/article/2530517/data-center/start-up-vmops-aims-to-ease-cloud-deployments.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090122055748/http://vmops.com/corporate/company.shtml">"Company Overview"</a>. VMOps web site. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vmops.com/corporate/company.shtml">the original</a> on January 22, 2009. Retrieved June 1, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100221121343/http://gigaom.com/2010/02/18/vmops/">"More Cash for Hot New Cloud Startup, VMOps"</a>. Gigaom.com. February 18, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gigaom.com/2010/02/18/vmops">the original</a> on February 21, 2010. Retrieved June 18, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100919000924/http://cloud.com/main/company/press-release/cloud.com-launches-extends-leadership-team-and-announces-new-funding">"Cloud.com Launches, Extends Leadership Team and Announces New Funding"</a> (Press release). Cloud.com. May 4, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cloud.com/main/company/press-release/cloud.com-launches-extends-leadership-team-and-announces-new-funding">the original</a> on September 19, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDave_Rosenberg2010" class="citation web cs1">Dave Rosenberg (May 4, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121026021503/http://news.cnet.com/8301-13846_3-20004051-62.html">"Cloud.com software stack goes open source"</a>. Software, Interrupted. CNET News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-13846_3-20004051-62.html">the original</a> on October 26, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100918220452/http://cloud.com/main/company/blog/vmops-becomes-cloud">"Cloud.com launches, announces funding, open source"</a> (Press release). May 4, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cloud.com/main/company/blog/vmops-becomes-cloud">the original</a> on September 18, 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-cloudstack_process_changes-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cloudstack_process_changes_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cloudstack_process_changes_11-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120429140346/http://cloudstack.org/blog/125-cloudstack-process-changes-working-the-apache-way.html">"CloudStack Process Changes: Working the Apache Way"</a>. CloudStack. April 17, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cloudstack.org/blog/125-cloudstack-process-changes-working-the-apache-way.html">the original</a> on April 29, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/07/19/nasa_rackspace_openstack/">"NASA and Rackspace open source cloud fluffer"</a>. The Register. July 19, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171125073137/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/07/19/nasa_rackspace_openstack/">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFPeder_Ulander2010" class="citation web cs1">Peder Ulander (July 22, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openstack.com/blog/2010/07/you-are-now-free-to-move-about-in-the-cloud/">"You Are Now Free to Move About in the Cloud"</a>. OpenStack blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120313045351/http://openstack.com/blog/2010/07/you-are-now-free-to-move-about-in-the-cloud/">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFClark2010" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Jack (July 19, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/cloud/2010/07/19/nasa-rackspace-launch-openstack-cloud-interoperability-scheme-40089574/">"Nasa, Rackspace launch OpenStack cloud interoperability scheme | Cloud | ZDNet UK"</a>. Zdnet.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120319091425/http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/cloud/2010/07/19/nasa-rackspace-launch-openstack-cloud-interoperability-scheme-40089574/">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Harris, Derrick Harris (October 22, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gigaom.com/cloud/microsoft-joins-openstack-to-add-hyper-v-support/">"Microsoft Joins OpenStack to Add Hyper-V Support."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210803204346/https://gigaom.com/2010/10/22/microsoft-joins-openstack-to-add-hyper-v-support/">Archived</a> 2021-08-03 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gigaom.com">Gigaom.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110918131339/http://gigaom.com/">Archived</a> 2011-09-18 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved November 2011.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-bought-16"><a href="#cite_ref-bought_16-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citrix.com/lang/English/lp/lp_2313912.asp?ntref=hp_promo_cloud_change">"Citrix & Cloud.com"</a>. Citrix.com. July 12, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120313113114/http://www.citrix.com/lang/English/lp/lp_2313912.asp?ntref=hp_promo_cloud_change">Archived</a> from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718130810/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/citrix-makes-a-run-at-the-cloud-07142011.html">"Citrix Makes a Run at the Cloud"</a>. BusinessWeek. July 14, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/citrix-makes-a-run-at-the-cloud-07142011.html">the original</a> on July 18, 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2011/07/12/citrix-buys-cloud-com-for-more-than-200-million-redpoint-is-on-a-roll/">"Citrix Buys Cloud.com for More Than $200 Million; Redpoint Is on a Roll"</a>. TechCrunch. July 12, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714231405/http://techcrunch.com/2011/07/12/citrix-buys-cloud-com-for-more-than-200-million-redpoint-is-on-a-roll">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511075435/http://www.citrix.com/English/NE/news/news.asp?newsID=2321271">"Citrix CloudStack 3 Brings the Power of Amazon-Style Clouds to Customers of All Sizes"</a>. Citrix. February 13, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citrix.com/English/ne/news/news.asp?newsID=2321271">the original</a> on May 11, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2012/04/citrix-cloudstack/">"Citrix Splits With OpenStack, Takes Cloud to Apache"</a>. Wired. April 4, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.apache.org/cloudstack/entry/apache_cloudstack_4_0_0">"Apache CloudStack 4.0.0-incubating Released"</a>. Apache Software Foundation. November 6, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512204045/https://blogs.apache.org/cloudstack/entry/apache_cloudstack_4_0_0">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://incubator.apache.org/projects/cloudstack.html">"CloudStack Project Incubation Status"</a>. Apache Software Foundation. March 20, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130520161400/http://incubator.apache.org/projects/cloudstack.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.apache.org/cloudstack/entry/apache_cloudstack_4_0_2">"Apache CloudStack 4.0.2 Released"</a>. Apache Software Foundation. April 24, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512190734/https://blogs.apache.org/cloudstack/entry/apache_cloudstack_4_0_2">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Features-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Features_24-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudstack.apache.org/features.html">"Features"</a>. CloudStack. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220330065647/https://cloudstack.apache.org/features.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-30. Retrieved 2016-09-02.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.cloudstack.apache.org/en/latest/releasenotes/compat.html">"Compatibility Matrix — Apache CloudStack 4.16.0.0 documentation"</a>. docs.cloudstack.apache.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222100650/http://docs.cloudstack.apache.org/en/latest/releasenotes/compat.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:0-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_26-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_26-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lifecycle.vmware.com/">"Product Lifecycle Matrix"</a>. lifecycle.vmware.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302114934/https://lifecycle.vmware.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-02. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:1-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_27-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_27-3">d</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222100649/https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/legacy-archive/citrix-hypervisor.html">"Citrix Hypervisor and XenServer | Legacy Documentation"</a>. docs.citrix.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/legacy-archive/citrix-hypervisor.html">the original</a> on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:2-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_28-5">f</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xcp-ng.org/docs/releases.html#lts-releases">"Releases | XCP-ng documentation"</a>. xcp-ng.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222100651/https://xcp-ng.org/docs/releases.html#lts-releases">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:3-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_29-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://access.redhat.com/support/policy/updates/errata">"Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle"</a>. Red Hat Customer Portal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220310091226/https://access.redhat.com/support/policy/updates/errata">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-10. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:4-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_30-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ubuntu.com/about/release-cycle">"Ubuntu release cycle"</a>. Ubuntu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191009222201/https://ubuntu.com/about/release-cycle">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-09. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.opensuse.org/Lifetime">"Lifetime - openSUSE Wiki"</a>. en.opensuse.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100726160319/https://en.opensuse.org/Lifetime">Archived</a> from the original on 2010-07-26. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.suse.com/pt-br/lifecycle/">"Product Support Lifecycle | SUSE"</a>. www.suse.com (in Portuguese). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222100651/https://www.suse.com/pt-br/lifecycle/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forums.rockylinux.org/t/what-is-eol-of-rl8/3316/7">"What is EOL of RL8"</a>. Rocky Linux Forum. 2021-10-12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222100650/https://forums.rockylinux.org/t/what-is-eol-of-rl8/3316/7">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGitHub-Name" class="citation web cs1">GitHub-Name. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-server-2012-r2">"Windows Server 2012 R2 - Microsoft Lifecycle"</a>. docs.microsoft.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222100650/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-server-2012-r2">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2022-02-22.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130504000632/http://cloudstack.apache.org/docs/en-US/Apache_CloudStack/4.0.2/html/Admin_Guide/deployment-architecture-overview.html">"Deployment Architecture Overview"</a>. CloudStack. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudstack.apache.org/docs/en-US/Apache_CloudStack/4.0.2/html/Admin_Guide/deployment-architecture-overview.html">the original</a> on May 4, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.networkworld.com/news/2012/071712-datapipe-260951.html">"Datapipe launches largest CloudStack deployment"</a>. NetworkWorld. July 17, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130623092506/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2012/071712-datapipe-260951.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 23, 2013. Retrieved Jan 31, 2013.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloudstack.apache.org">Official website</a> </li></ul>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cloud_computing413" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div id="Cloud_computing413" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Content_as_a_service" title="Content as a service">Content as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_as_a_service" title="Data as a service">Data as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Desktop_as_a_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Desktop as a service">Desktop as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Function_as_a_service" title="Function as a service">Function as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Infrastructure as a service">Infrastructure as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud-based_integration" title="Cloud-based integration">Integration platform as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Backend_as_a_service" title="Backend as a service">Backend as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Network_as_a_service" title="Network as a service">Network as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Platform_as_a_service" title="Platform as a service">Platform as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Security_as_a_service" title="Security as a service">Security as a service</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Software as a service</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cloud_database" title="Cloud database">Cloud database</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud-native_computing" title="Cloud-native computing">Cloud-native computing</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud_storage" title="Cloud storage">Cloud storage</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud_storage_gateway" title="Cloud storage gateway">Cloud storage gateways</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_center" title="Data center">Data centers</a></li>

<li><a href="Dew_computing" title="Dew computing">Dew computing</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributed_file_system_for_cloud" title="Distributed file system for cloud">Distributed file system for cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Hardware_virtualization" title="Hardware virtualization">Hardware virtualization</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_cloud_computing" title="Mobile cloud computing">Mobile cloud computing</a></li>

<li><a href="Native_cloud_application" title="Native cloud application">Native cloud application</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_network" title="Computer network">Networking</a></li>

<li><a href="Personal_cloud" title="Personal cloud">Personal cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud_computing_security" title="Cloud computing security">Security</a></li>

<li><a href="Serverless_computing" title="Serverless computing">Serverless computing</a></li>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_structured_storage_software" title="Comparison of structured storage software">Structured storage</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_appliance" title="Virtual appliance">Virtual appliance</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_private_cloud" title="Virtual private cloud">Virtual private cloud</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Applications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Dropbox" title="Dropbox">Dropbox</a></li>

<li><a href="Google" title="Google">Google</a>

<ul><li><a href="Google_Workspace" title="Google Workspace">Workspace</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Drive</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="HP_Cloud" title="HP Cloud">HP Cloud</a> (closed)</li>

<li><a href="IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_365" title="Microsoft 365">Office 365</a></li>

<li><a href="OneDrive" title="OneDrive">OneDrive</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Nextcloud" title="Nextcloud">Nextcloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Oracle_Cloud" title="Oracle Cloud">Oracle Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Owncloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Owncloud">Owncloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Proton_Drive" title="Proton Drive">Proton Drive</a></li>

<li><a href="Rackspace_Technology" title="Rackspace Technology">Rackspace</a></li>

<li><a href="Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a></li>

<li><a href="Seafile" title="Seafile">Seafile</a></li>

<li><a href="PlateSpin" class="mw-redirect" title="PlateSpin">PlateSpin</a></li>

<li><a href="Workday%2C_Inc." title="Workday, Inc.">Workday</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Platform_as_a_service" title="Platform as a service">Platforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alibaba_Cloud" title="Alibaba Cloud">Alibaba Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a></li>

<li><a href="AppScale" title="AppScale">AppScale</a></li>

<li><a href="CloudBolt" title="CloudBolt">CloudBolt</a></li>

<li><a href="Cloud_Foundry" title="Cloud Foundry">Cloud Foundry</a></li>

<li><a href="Cocaine_(PaaS)" title="Cocaine (PaaS)">Cocaine (PaaS)</a></li>

<li><a href="Engine_Yard" title="Engine Yard">Engine Yard</a></li>

<li><a href="HPE_Helion" title="HPE Helion">Helion</a></li>

<li><a href="Predix_(software)" title="Predix (software)">GE Predix</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_App_Engine" title="Google App Engine">Google App Engine</a></li>

<li><a href="GreenQloud" title="GreenQloud">GreenQloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Heroku" title="Heroku">Heroku</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Inktank_Storage" title="Inktank Storage">Inktank</a></li>

<li><a href="Jelastic" title="Jelastic">Jelastic</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a></li>

<li><a href="MindSphere" title="MindSphere">MindSphere</a></li>

<li><a href="Netlify" title="Netlify">Netlify</a></li>

<li><a href="Oracle_Cloud" title="Oracle Cloud">Oracle Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="OutSystems" title="OutSystems">OutSystems</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenQRM" title="OpenQRM">openQRM</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenShift" title="OpenShift">OpenShift</a></li>

<li><a href="PythonAnywhere" title="PythonAnywhere">PythonAnywhere</a></li>

<li><a href="RightScale" title="RightScale">RightScale</a></li>

<li><a href="Scalr" title="Scalr">Scalr</a></li>

<li><a href="Salesforce#Force.com" title="Salesforce">Force.com</a></li>

<li><a href="SAP_BTP" title="SAP BTP">SAP Business Technology Platform</a></li>

<li><a href="Splunk" title="Splunk">Splunk</a></li>

<li><a href="Vercel" title="Vercel">Vercel</a></li>

<li><a href="VCloud_Air" title="VCloud Air">vCloud Air</a></li>

<li><a href="WaveMaker" title="WaveMaker">WaveMaker</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Infrastructure_as_a_service" title="Infrastructure as a service">Infrastructure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alibaba_Cloud" title="Alibaba Cloud">Alibaba Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a></li>

<li><a href="Abiquo_Enterprise_Edition" title="Abiquo Enterprise Edition">Abiquo Enterprise Edition</a></li>

<li><a href="Citrix_Cloud" title="Citrix Cloud">Citrix Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="DigitalOcean" title="DigitalOcean">DigitalOcean</a></li>

<li><a href="EMC_Atmos" title="EMC Atmos">EMC Atmos</a></li>

<li><a href="Eucalyptus_(software)" title="Eucalyptus (software)">Eucalyptus</a></li>

<li><a href="FUJITSU_Cloud_IaaS_Trusted_Public_S5" title="FUJITSU Cloud IaaS Trusted Public S5">Fujitsu</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Google Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="GreenButton" title="GreenButton">GreenButton</a></li>

<li><a href="GreenQloud" title="GreenQloud">GreenQloud</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Iland" title="Iland">iland</a></li>

<li><a href="Joyent" title="Joyent">Joyent</a></li>

<li><a href="Linode" title="Linode">Linode</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunacloud" title="Lunacloud">Lunacloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a></li>

<li><a href="Mirantis" title="Mirantis">Mirantis</a></li>

<li><a href="Netlify" title="Netlify">Netlify</a></li>

<li><a href="Nimbula" title="Nimbula">Nimbula</a></li>

<li><a href="Nimbus_(cloud_computing)" title="Nimbus (cloud computing)">Nimbus</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenIO" title="OpenIO">OpenIO</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenNebula" title="OpenNebula">OpenNebula</a></li>

<li><a href="OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a></li>

<li><a href="Oracle_Cloud" title="Oracle Cloud">Oracle Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="OrionVM" title="OrionVM">OrionVM</a></li>

<li><a href="Rackspace_Cloud" title="Rackspace Cloud">Rackspace Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Safe_Swiss_Cloud" title="Safe Swiss Cloud">Safe Swiss Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Zadara" title="Zadara">Zadara</a></li>

<li><a href="Libvirt" title="Libvirt">libvirt</a></li>

<li><a href="Libguestfs" title="Libguestfs">libguestfs</a></li>

<li><a href="OVirt" title="OVirt">OVirt</a></li>

<li><a href="Virt-manager" title="Virt-manager">Virtual Machine Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="Wakame-vdc" title="Wakame-vdc">Wakame-vdc</a></li>

<li><a href="Vercel" title="Vercel">Vercel</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_Private_Cloud_OnDemand" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Private Cloud OnDemand">Virtual Private Cloud OnDemand</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li> Category</li>

<li> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cloud_computing" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Cloud computing">Commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Apache_Software_Foundation253" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="The_Apache_Software_Foundation253" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="The_Apache_Software_Foundation" title="The Apache Software Foundation">The Apache Software Foundation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top-level projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apache_Accumulo" title="Apache Accumulo">Accumulo</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_ActiveMQ" title="Apache ActiveMQ">ActiveMQ</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Airavata" title="Apache Airavata">Airavata</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Airflow" title="Apache Airflow">Airflow</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Allura" title="Apache Allura">Allura</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Ambari" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Ambari">Ambari</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Aries" title="Apache Aries">Aries</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Arrow" title="Apache Arrow">Arrow</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Bloodhound" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Bloodhound">Bloodhound</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Brooklyn" title="Apache Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Calcite" title="Apache Calcite">Calcite</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Camel" title="Apache Camel">Camel</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_CarbonData" title="Apache CarbonData">CarbonData</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Cassandra" title="Apache Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Cayenne" title="Apache Cayenne">Cayenne</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Cocoon" title="Apache Cocoon">Cocoon</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Cordova" title="Apache Cordova">Cordova</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_CouchDB" title="Apache CouchDB">CouchDB</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_cTAKES" title="Apache cTAKES">cTAKES</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Derby" title="Apache Derby">Derby</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Directory" title="Apache Directory">Directory</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Drill" title="Apache Drill">Drill</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Druid" title="Apache Druid">Druid</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Empire-db" title="Apache Empire-db">Empire-db</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Felix" title="Apache Felix">Felix</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Flink" title="Apache Flink">Flink</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Flume" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Flume">Flume</a></li>

<li><a href="FreeMarker" title="FreeMarker">FreeMarker</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Geronimo" title="Apache Geronimo">Geronimo</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Groovy" title="Apache Groovy">Groovy</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Guacamole" title="Apache Guacamole">Guacamole</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Hadoop" title="Apache Hadoop">Hadoop</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_HBase" title="Apache HBase">HBase</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Helix" title="Apache Helix">Helix</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Iceberg" title="Apache Iceberg">Iceberg</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Ignite" title="Apache Ignite">Ignite</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Impala" title="Apache Impala">Impala</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Jackrabbit" title="Apache Jackrabbit">Jackrabbit</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_James" title="Apache James">James</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_JMeter" title="Apache JMeter">JMeter</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Kafka" title="Apache Kafka">Kafka</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Kylin" title="Apache Kylin">Kylin</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Lucene" title="Apache Lucene">Lucene</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Mahout" title="Apache Mahout">Mahout</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Maven" title="Apache Maven">Maven</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_MyFaces" title="Apache MyFaces">MyFaces</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Mynewt" title="Apache Mynewt">Mynewt</a></li>

<li><a href="NetBeans" title="NetBeans">NetBeans</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Nutch" title="Apache Nutch">Nutch</a></li>

<li><a href="NuttX" title="NuttX">NuttX</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_OFBiz" title="Apache OFBiz">OFBiz</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Oozie" title="Apache Oozie">Oozie</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_OpenEJB" title="Apache OpenEJB">OpenEJB</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_OpenJPA" title="Apache OpenJPA">OpenJPA</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_OpenNLP" title="Apache OpenNLP">OpenNLP</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_OpenOffice" title="Apache OpenOffice">OрenOffice</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_PDFBox" title="Apache PDFBox">PDFBox</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Parquet" title="Apache Parquet">Parquet</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Phoenix" title="Apache Phoenix">Phoenix</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Pinot" title="Apache Pinot">Pinot</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Pivot" title="Apache Pivot">Pivot</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Roller" title="Apache Roller">Roller</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_RocketMQ" title="Apache RocketMQ">RocketMQ</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Samza" title="Apache Samza">Samza</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Shiro" title="Apache Shiro">Shiro</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_SINGA" title="Apache SINGA">SINGA</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Sling" title="Apache Sling">Sling</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Spark" title="Apache Spark">Spark</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Storm" title="Apache Storm">Storm</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_SpamAssassin" title="Apache SpamAssassin">SpamAssassin</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Struts" title="Apache Struts">Struts</a>

<li><a href="Apache_Subversion" title="Apache Subversion">Subversion</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Superset" title="Apache Superset">Superset</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_SystemDS" title="Apache SystemDS">SystemDS</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Tapestry" title="Apache Tapestry">Tapestry</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Thrift" title="Apache Thrift">Thrift</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_TinkerPop" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache TinkerPop">TinkerPop</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Tomcat" title="Apache Tomcat">Tomcat</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Trafodion" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Trafodion">Trafodion</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Traffic_Server" title="Apache Traffic Server">Traffic Server</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Velocity" title="Apache Velocity">Velocity</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Wicket" title="Apache Wicket">Wicket</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Xalan" title="Apache Xalan">Xalan</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Xerces" title="Apache Xerces">Xerces</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_XMLBeans" title="Apache XMLBeans">XMLBeans</a></li>

<li>Yetus</li>

<li><a href="Apache_ZooKeeper" title="Apache ZooKeeper">ZooKeeper</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Apache_Commons" title="Apache Commons">Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Commons_Daemon" title="Commons Daemon">Daemon</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Jelly" title="Apache Jelly">Jelly</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Commons_Logging" title="Apache Commons Logging">Logging</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incubator</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apache_Taverna" title="Apache Taverna">Taverna</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apache_Batik" title="Apache Batik">Batik</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="AxKit" title="AxKit">AxKit</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Beehive" title="Apache Beehive">Beehive</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_iBATIS" title="Apache iBATIS">iBATIS</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Click" title="Apache Click">Click</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Continuum" title="Apache Continuum">Continuum</a></li>

<li><a href="Deltacloud" title="Deltacloud">Deltacloud</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Giraph" title="Apache Giraph">Giraph</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Harmony" title="Apache Harmony">Harmony</a></li>

<li><a href="Jakarta_Project" title="Jakarta Project">Jakarta</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Marmotta" title="Apache Marmotta">Marmotta</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_MXNet" title="Apache MXNet">MXNet</a></li>

<li><a href="Jini" title="Jini">River</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Shale" title="Apache Shale">Shale</a></li>

<li><a href="Jakarta_Slide" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakarta Slide">Slide</a></li>

<li><a href="Sqoop" title="Sqoop">Sqoop</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Stanbol" title="Apache Stanbol">Stanbol</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_Tuscany" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache Tuscany">Tuscany</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Licenses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache License</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.StackBill.com/">Cloud Management Portal built on Apache Cloudstack</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-24" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Apache_CloudStack&oldid=1302282310">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>